Oxford Latin Dictionary
Glare, Oxford Latin Dictionary, 579.dum on page 579
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dum while
dum is a Latin Conjunction that primarily means while.
Definitions for dum
Wheelock's Latin
Conjunction
- 1
while, as long as, at the same that; + subjunctive, until
Oxford Latin Dictionary
Conjunction
- 1
(w. same tense of ind. in main and sub. cls.) For the duration of the time in which, as long as, while. (b) (w/ pres. ind., main vb. being in past or future tense, indicating process, etc., taking place concurrently with the action of the main vb.). (c) (depending on sub. cls., in indir. sp., etc.). (d) (w. subj. expr. intended action) for as long as is needed (for), while; (also w. iterative subj.).
- 2
(w. subj.) Provided that, on condition that, as long as.
- 3
(indicating a situation in the course of which a punctual event occurs) During the time that, while; while still: (a) (w. pres. ind., irrespective of tense of main vb.). (b) (w. other ind. tenses). (c) (depending on sub. cls., in indir. sp., etc.). (d) (w. subj.).
Sentences with dum
Latin to English
Dum tyrannus cōpiās dūcit, possumus nihil agere.Compare While the tyrant leads the troops, we can do nothing.
Tu ne quaesieris —scire nefas — quem mihi, quem tibi finem di dederint, Leuconoe, . . . Dum loquimur, fugerit invida aetas: carpe diem, quam minimum credula postero. (Horace, Odes 1.11-2 and 7-8)Compare Don't inquire — it's wrong to know—what length of life the gods have granted to you and to me, Leuconoe, . . . While we are talking, envious time has fled; seize the day, putting as little trust as possible in the future.
Gaudeāmus igitur, iuvenēs dum sumus.Compare Let us rejoice them, while we are young.
Dum per viam ambulo, amicum conspexi.Compare While I was walking along the road, I caught sight of my friend,
Dic, hospes, Spartae nos te hic vidisse iacentes, dum sanctis patriae legibus obsequimur.Compare Stranger, tell the Spartans that you saw where we lie buried, for having obeyed the sacred laws of our homeland. [Translation from Simonides]
Hic manus ob patriam pugnando vulnera passi, quique sacerdotes casti, dum vita manebat, quique pii vates et Phoebo digna locuti, inventas aut qui vitam excoluere per artis, quique sui memores alios fecere merendo.Compare Here were assembled those who had suffered wound in defense of their country; those who had lived pure lives as priests; and poets who had not disgraced Apollo, poets of true integrity; men who civilized life by the skills they discovered, and whose kindness to other people has has kept their memory green.
Fere maxima pars morem hunc homines habent: quod sibi volunt, dum impetrant, boni sunt; sed id ubi iam penes sese habent, ex bonis pessimi et fraudulentissimi fiunt.Compare Generally speaking, men have a habit of being fine fellows as long as they are seeking some favor, but when they have obtained it, there's a change, and your fine fellow turn into villainous cheats of the worst description.
Dimidium facti qui coepit habet; sapere aude; incipe! Qui recte vivendi prorogat horam, rusticus exspectat dum defluat amnis; at ille labitur et labetur in omne volunilis aevum.Compare He who has begun his task has half done it. Have the courage to be wise. Begin! He who keeps putting off the moment of reform is like the countryman waiting for the river to run by. But the river slides and rolls, will slide and roll on to all time.
Data sources
Notes
- Definitions
- Frederick M. Wheelock, Wheelock's Latin, 6th ed., rev. Richard A. LaFleur (New York, NY: HarperCollins Publishers, 2005): 51.
- P. G. W. Glare, Oxford Latin Dictionary, Vols. 1-8 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982): 579.
- Word frequencies
- Christopher Francese, "Latin Core Vocabulary," Dickinson College Commentaries, last modified 2014, http://dcc.dickinson.edu.
- Paul B. Diederich, The Frequency of Latin Words and Their Endings, PhD diss., (Columbia University, 1939).
- Louis Delatte, Suzanne Govaerts, Joseph Denooz, and Etienne Evrard, Dictionnaire fréquentiel et index inverse de la langue latine [Frequency Dictionary and Inverse Index of the Latin Language] (Liège, Belgium: Laboratoire d'analyse statistique des langues anciennes de l'Université de Liège [L.A.S.L.A.], 1981): 120.
Bibliography
Allen, Joseph H. Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar for Schools and Colleges: Founded on Comparative Grammar. Edited by James B. Greenough, George L. Kittredge, Albert A. Howard, and Benjamin L. D'Ooge. Boston, MA: Ginn & Company, 1903.
Crystal, David. A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics. 6th ed. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing, 2008.
Delatte, Louis, Suzanne Govaerts, Joseph Denooz, and Etienne Evrard. Dictionnaire fréquentiel et index inverse de la langue latine [Frequency Dictionary and Inverse Index of the Latin Language]. Liège, Belgium: Laboratoire d'analyse statistique des langues anciennes de l'Université de Liège (L.A.S.L.A.), 1981.
Diederich, Paul B. The Frequency of Latin Words and Their Endings. PhD diss., Columbia University, 1939.
Francese, Christopher. "Latin Core Vocabulary." Dickinson College Commentaries. Last modified 2014. http://dcc.dickinson.edu/latin-vocabulary-list.
Gildersleeve, Basil L., and Gonzales Lodge. Gildersleeve's Latin Grammar: Third Edition, Revised, and Enlarged. 3rd ed. London, England: Macmillan and Co., 1903.
Glare, Peter G.W. Oxford Latin Dictionary. Vols. 1-8. Oxford, England: Clarendon Press, 1982.
Krüger, Bernd. "Latin Conjugation Tables." Cactus2000. Accessed May 5, 2023. https://latin.cactus2000.de/index.en.php.
Pierson, Nick. "Sound of Text." Accessed October 26, 2019. https://soundoftext.com.
Wheelock, Frederick M. Wheelock's Latin. 6th ed. Revised by Richard A. LaFleur. New York, NY: HarperCollins Publishers, 2005.
Wiktionary Contributors. "Victionarium." Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. Updated March 18, 2019. https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Victionarium:Pagina_prima.
Citation
Chicago (17th ed.)
Allo Contributors. "dum (conj.) - Latin Word Definition." Allo Latin Dictionary. Last modified . Accessed November 21, 2024. http://ancientlanguages.org/latin/dictionary/dum.
Entry created on . Last updated on .
Wheelock's Latin
Wheelock, Wheelock's Latin, 51.dum on page 51
